Overhead lines (OHL) play a crucial role in the transmission of electrical energy, forming the backbone of essential infrastructure networks. Overhead Lines with Fiber Optical Ground Wires (OPGW) have become a key component in these networks, supporting reliable line protection and high speed data communication. These fiber optic networks provide a cost-effective and efficient solution, as no additional civil works are required, and the already established rights of way help minimize both costs and setup time.
In an increasingly connected world, modern overhead line monitoring ensures uninterrupted service by enabling real-time fault detection, line condition monitoring, capacity optimization and asset protection. Advanced technologies, such as predictive analytics and real-time data analysis, help operators maintaining reliable, efficient power grids while reducing operational costs and improving response times to potential issues. Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) is a perfect solution for monitoring these critical infrastructures, offering precise, real-time insights to ensure performance and safety.
Enhanced Monitoring in Overhead Lines
Overhead lines are critical to modern electricity infrastructure, serving as the backbone that delivers power from transformer stations to cities and essential services. However, these lines are constantly exposed to environmental threats, including thunderstorms, strong winds, and other natural hazards, which can disrupt service and cause significant damage. Reliable monitoring of OHL is essential to maintaining an uninterrupted power supply. In days of increasing power demands driven by renewable energy, e-mobility and digitalization, grid stability as well as grid capacity becomes paramount for the development of modern industries and societies.
Technologies like distributed fiber optic sensing significantly contribute to OHL monitoring by allowing continuous, real-time observation along the entire length of the line. With just a single telecommunication fiber -already commonly deployed along OHL (OPGW) - operators can monitor the entire network, spanning several kilometers, with ease. This capability provides early fault detection, valuable data online conditions and real-time capacity information and hence improves overall efficiency, enabling measures that reduce downtimes and enhancing system stability. Implementing predictive maintenance helps prevent unplanned downtime by addressing potential equipment failures before they occur. Optimizing resource use and improving response times to outages helps utilities increase customer satisfaction and overall grid reliability.
AP Sensing’s Solution for Monitoring OHL
AP Sensing’s advanced monitoring solutions effectively address these challenges to enable predictive asset management and a flexible, efficient operation of an OHL.
AP Sensing’s Distributed Acoustic Sensing technology utilizes a single dark fiber in the OPGW to measure vibrations along the line with highest sensitivity. These vibrations are converted into valuable information, providing deeper insights into the nature and location of events such as:
- Short circuits
- Flashovers
- Icing
- Galloping
- Wire tension
- Lightning strike
- Third party intrusions
Vibration information can be used to precisely calculate spatially distributed wind conditions in real time, making DLR (Dynamic Line Rating) results more accurate and cost-effective.
AP Sensing’s Distributed Temperature Technology (DTS) directly measures the temperature of the conductor wire (OPPC/HTLS) up to 100km length per instrument. Direct measurements of temperature offer a straightforward, assumption-free calculation of line capacities and sagging.
Event Detection
Our solutions are tailored for monitoring overhead transmission lines. Key capabilities include the real-time detection and localization of:
- Operational Hazards like short circuits
- Environmental Hazards like galloping, icing, vegetation hits
- Third party intrusion (TPI) monitoring like tower climbing, dismantling
OPGW-based DLR
By calculating the wind speed at each individual span, the connected DLR system can provide even more precise and reliable information about line capacity. Our OPGW-based DLR solution* relies on Ampacimon’s advanced technology that can make real-time adjustments to the line's capacity, ensuring optimal performance under varying conditions and can unleash additional capacity up to 40%.
Benefits
- Wide coverage over full overhead line
- Simple installation at substation level – no outage
- Dynamic recording of all critical spans
- No additional weather station needed
- Fully Integrated into Ampacimon GridBoost® Software platform
Technologies Used for Monitoring OHL
Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS)
Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) is crucial in cable condition monitoring. DTS provides real-time insights into cable performance by identifying hotspots, cold spots, and thermal bottlenecks that could affect efficiency and safety.
One of its key features is the ability to detect even the smallest anomalies from normal thermal behavior through Machine Learning Transient Alarm (MLTA). This early detection of abnormal conditions allows for timely intervention, optimizing performance and preventing potential failures, ensuring the long-term reliability and safety of the cable network.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology is used to monitor overhead power lines by detecting vibrations and acoustic signals that indicate potential risks or faults. DAS provides precise fault location and can identify issues early, helping to prevent damage and maintain reliable operation of the power network.
For overhead lines (OHL), DAS technology can detect snow accumulation on the lines, monitoring the additional load it causes. This allows operators to address the increased strain on the lines before it leads to faults or failures, enhancing the safety and reliability of the system in adverse weather conditions.
Expanding Our Monitoring Solutions
SmartVision Software
SmartVision seamlessly integrates a wide array of DAS, DTS, CCTV, and other sensors within a single platform. Circuit layouts are visually mapped and color-coded, displaying cable temperatures and real-time changes in acoustic energy. Temperature graphs and hotspot tables are easily accessible, and cable route sections can be individually configured with flexible alarm levels and types. Key points of interest such as cable joints, horizontal drillings, and manholes can be analyzed with trend history, with access to historical data always available.
Key Features of OHL Monitoring
- Short circuits
- Flashovers
- Icing and galloping
- Lightning strike
- Sabotage / Vandalism
- Wind strength and direction (DLR)
- Temperature (OPPC/HTLS)
With a proven track record and continued innovation, AP Sensing offers a completely integrated, end-to-end solution made in Germany. Our team works together with you to select the right combination of technologies to fit your requirements. We also provide onsite services, hotline and online support, maintenance and product training.
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